Inspection CMYK colors of offset printing on a paper With halftoning, a full continuous range of colors can be produced. Without halftoning, the three primary process colors could be printed only as solid blocks of color, and therefore could produce only seven colors: the three primaries themselves, plus three secondary colors produced by layering two of the primaries: cyan and yellow produce green, cyan and magenta produce blue, yellow and magenta produce red (these subtractive secondary colors correspond roughly to the additive primary colors), plus layering all three of them resulting in black. Magenta printed with a 20% halftone, for example, produces a pink color, because the eye perceives the tiny magenta dots on the large white paper as lighter and less saturated than the color of pure magenta ink. With CMYK printing, halftoning (also called screening) allows for less than full saturation of the primary colors tiny dots of each primary color are printed in a pattern small enough that humans perceive a solid color. To save cost on ink, and to produce deeper black tones, unsaturated and dark colors are produced by using black ink instead of the combination of cyan, magenta, and yellow. In the CMYK model, it is the opposite: white is the natural color of the paper or other background, black results from a full combination of colored inks. In additive color models, such as RGB, white is the "additive" combination of all primary colored lights, black is the absence of light. White light minus red leaves cyan, white light minus green leaves magenta, and white light minus blue leaves yellow. Such a model is called subtractive because inks "subtract" the colors red, green and blue from white light. The ink reduces the light that would otherwise be reflected. The CMYK model works by partially or entirely masking colors on a lighter, usually white, background. CMYK refers to the four ink plates used in some color printing: cyan, magenta, yellow, and key (black). The CMYK color model (also known as process color, or four color) is a subtractive color model, based on the CMY color model, used in color printing, and is also used to describe the printing process itself. What appears as cerulean ( ) in the top image is actually a blend of cyan, magenta, yellow and black, as magnification under a microscope demonstrates.
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